In 1976 I completed my medical studies at the Rheinische-Friedrich-University of Bonn, Germany, with the state examination and hold a medical doctorate at the same University. I continued my residency programme as a specialist in neurosurgery via the wards in Duisburg and Düsseldorf as well as in the Department of Neurology with the affiliated Max Plank Institute for Brain Research in Cologne-Merheim, Germany. I received the board certification in 1983 by the Ärztekammer Nordrhein. I was habilitated in 1985 at the Heinrich Heine University of Düsseldorf, Germany and appointed as temporary C2 professor for neurosurgery in 1986. In 1986, I received a pediatric neurosurgery fellowship at the Children's Hospital and Brigham's Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.. I was appointed as Extraordinarius/ Full Professor for Neurosurgery in 1994 at the Technical University of Munich.